Not all problems are subject to black and white answers. That is, decisions in many cases are based on opinions. For example, one person is selected for a job and the other person is rejected. Or, an organization is chosen to do a contract and another one misses out. Inevitably questions of fairness about the process of decision making arise. As a result, the issue of fairness may become more of a problem than the original task. Expectations are based on certain principles such as equal opportunity. It is important to have such principles in place when it is not possible to have other ways of resolving problems.

A leader is continually establishing the guidelines and assessing what is fair, but also what is necessary in order to succeed. It is not always possible to win and be fair to everyone involved. However, in terms of playing the business game, it is important that one abides by the law and the ethics of doing business. People are respected when they are regarded as firm and fair. Reputation therefore is important.

Many who are effective at preserving a balance of fairness are able to sense issues that will upset the balance. They are then able to use their skills to summarize and involve people in a discussion, rather than just racing to a decision. If those involved are consulted about changes, and have the opportunity to contribute to the discussion and resolution of problems, then they are more likely to see the process as fair, even though they may feel disadvantaged by the decision.